Somalia: Polity Style: 1960-2024 - Archontology
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Somalia: Polity Style: 1960-2024

1 Jul 1960 merger of Somaliland and Somalia into Somali Republic is effected by approval of the Constitution of Somali Republic by an Assembly consisting of the representatives of both territories [Official Bulletin, Mogadiscio, 1 luglio 1960, N. 1]
1 Jul 1960 - 21 Oct 1969 Repubblica Somala = Somali Republic
31 Jan 1961 Act of Union of Somaliland and Somalia is passed by the National Assembly and signed into law (retroactively effective 1 Jul 1960)
21 Oct 1969 Somali Democratic Republic is constituted in accordance with the First Charter of the Revolution [Official Bulletin, Mogadiscio, 21 Ottobre 1969, N. 1, pp. 2-3]
21 Oct 1969 - 21 Jul 1991 Jamhuuriyadda Dimoqraadiga Soomaaliya = (from 16 Sep 1979) al-Jumhūriyya al-Ṣūmāl al-Dīmuqrāṭiyya | Somali Democratic Republic [1]
16 Sep 1979 Arabic is recognised as an official language in accordance with Art. 3.2 of the Constitution of 1979 [Official Bulletin, Muqdisho 30 Setember 1979, L. 2 r. 9]
21 Jul 1991 Djibouti Accords are signed, providing for the restoration of the Constitution of 1960
21 Jul 1991 - 2 Aug 2012 Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya = Jumhūriyyat al-Ṣūmāl | Somali Republic
2 Aug 2012 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia comes into effect on the first day after approval by a National Constituent Assembly (1 Aug 2012) in accordance with Art. 138 (1) of the Constitution
2 Aug 2012 - Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya (Arabic: Jumhūriyya al-Ṣūmāl al-Fidarāliyya) | Federal Republic of Somalia

[1] Italian (Repubblica Democratica Somala) and English (Somali Democratic Republic) styles are established in consequence of the proclamation of the First Charter of the Revolution (21 Oct 1969). Both continue in official use until the introduction of writing system for the Somali language in the Latin alphabet (effective 1 Jan 1973) as presribed by the Law No. 60 of 21 Oct 1972 [Official Bulletin, Mogadiscio, 23 Ottobre 1972, Suppl. n. 1 al n. 10].