Poland: Heads of State: 1918-1939
| Naczelny Dowódca Wojsk Polskich | Supreme Commander of the Polish Armed Forces [1] | |
| 14 Nov 1918 - 22 Nov 1918 | Józef Klemens Piłsudski |
| Naczelnik Państwa | Chief of State | |
| 22 Nov 1918 - 14 Dec 1922 | Józef Klemens Piłsudski |
| Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej | President of the Republic | |
| 14 Dec 1922 - 16 Dec 1922 | Gabriel Józef Narutowicz [2] |
| Marszałek Sejmu | Speaker of the Sejm (ex officio) | |
| 16 Dec 1922 - 20 Dec 1922 | Maciej Rataj |
| Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej | President of the Republic | |
| 20 Dec 1922 - 14 May 1926 | Stanisław Wojciechowski [3] |
| Marszałek Sejmu | Speaker of the Sejm (ex officio) | |
| 15 May 1926 - 4 Jun 1926 | Maciej Rataj |
| Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej | President of the Republic | |
| 4 Jun 1926 - 18 Sep 1939 | Ignacy Mościcki [4] |
- Naczelny Dowódca Wojsk Polskich (Supreme Commander of the Polish Armed Forces) was the title used in a letter (14 Nov 1918) from the Council of Regency to Piłsudski, notifying him of the transfer of state power. Piłsudski used only his name in a decree appointing the Prime Minister on 14 Nov 1918, avoiding any style. A telegram sent on 16 Nov 1918 to notify foreign governments on the establishment of the Polish state was signed by Piłsudski as Wódz Naczelny Armii Polskiej (Commander-in-Chief of the Polish Army). On 22 Nov 1918 he assumed the office of Chief of State (Naczelnik Państwa) by decree. The office of the Chief of State was considered provisional to 20 Feb 1919 when it was approved by the Legislative Sejm (Sejm Ustawodawczy).
- Narutowicz took the oath of office at the session of the National Assembly (Zgromadzenie Narodowe) held on 11 Dec 1922, but Piłsudski contiued to exercise the duties of the head of state until the handover ceremony which was took place in the Belweder Palace, Warsaw, on 14 Dec 1922.
- The letter of resignation of Wojciechowski was dated 14 May 1926, Wilanów, calling for the constitutional successor (Speaker of the Sejm Rataj) to assume the functions of the office. The latter formally assumed the functions of President of the Republic on 15 May 1926 as evident from a notice published in the Poland Official Gazette, No. 109, 15 May 1926.
- Mościcki ceased to exercise the functions of office upon leaving the territory of Poland on 18 Sep 1939 and resigned on 30 Sep 1939.