Afghanistan: Heads of State: 1880-1973
Ruling clan: Muḥammadzay (Bārakzay tribe) except for as noted below
The names of each ruler appear as follows: a) official name as normally found on the calligraphic seal or signature known as tughra, b) official honorific title(s) in italics. |
| Amīr [1][2] |
| 20 Jul 1880 - 3 Oct 1901 |
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Khān Ḍiyāʾ al-Milla wa al-Dīn [3][4] |
| 3 Oct 1901 - 20 Feb 1919 |
Ḥabīb Allāh Khān Sirāj al-Milla wa al-Dīn |
| 21 Feb 1919 - 28 Feb 1919 |
Naṣr Allāh Khān |
| 28 Feb 1919 - 9 Jun 1926 |
Amān Allāh Khān Sayf al-Milla wa al-Dīn, Ghāzī |
| Pādshāh-i Afghānistān |
| 9 Jun 1926 - 14 Jan 1929 |
Amān Allāh Khān Sayf al-Milla wa al-Dīn, Ghāzī |
| 14 Jan 1929 - 17 Jan 1929 |
ʿInāyat Allāh Shāh Muʿin al-Salṭana |
| Amīr |
| 17 Jan 1929 - 13 Oct 1929 |
Ḥabīb Allāh Khādim-i Dīn-i Rasūl Allāh, Ghāzī [5][6] |
| Pādshāh-i Afghānistān = De Afghānistān Pāchā |
| 17 Oct 1929 - 8 Nov 1933 |
Muḥammad Nādir Shāh Ghāzī (posthumous: Shāh-i Shahīd) |
| 8 Nov 1933 - 17 Jul 1973 |
Muḥammad Ẓāhir Shāh Payraw-i Dīn-i Matīn-i Islām, Banda-i Khudā, al-Mutawakkil ʿalā-Allāh |
| |
| [1] |
In the official English-language version of documents, the style used after 1905 is Amir, Independent King of the State of Afghanistan and its Dependencies. |
| [2] |
The Constitution of 9 Apr 1923 (original text in Pashto) refers to the ruler as Pādshāh, but the style Amīr continues in official use. |
| [3] |
Proclaimed Amīr at a public assembly near Charikar 20 Jul 1880 and entered into Kabul 11 Aug 1880. |
| [4] |
Dissident rulers (in Herat): |
| |
? Apr 1887 - ? Jun 1887 Tīmūr Shāh Khān Gilzay |
| |
14 Aug 1887 - ? Sep 1887 Muḥammad Ayyūb Khān |
| |
Dissident ruler (in Balkh): |
| |
1 Aug 1887 - 29 Sep 1887 Muḥammad Isḥāq Khān |
| [5] |
A member of the Kalakānī clan (referred to by Pashtun sources as Bāchā-i Saqqāʾ). |
| [6] |
Amīr (in dissidence) |
| |
17 Jan 1929 - 9 Feb 1929 ʿAlī Aḥmad Khān Jān |
| |
Pādshāh-i Afghānistān (in dissidence) |
| |
21 Jan 1929 - 23 May 1929 Amān Allāh Shāh Sayf al-Milla wa al-Dīn, Ghāzī |
| |
Amīr (in dissidence) |
| |
23 May 1929 - 31 May 1929 ʿAlī Aḥmad Khān Jān |
