Portugal: Kings, Queens and Regents: 1140-1580 - Archontology
HomeNationsPortugalKings, Queens and RegentsKings, Queens and Regents: 1140-1580

Portugal: Kings, Queens and Regents: 1140-1580

Ruling houses: Burgundy (1139-1383), Avis (1385-1580)
Rex Portugaliae = Rei de Portugal [1]
c. 1140 - 6 Dec 1185 Afonso I O Conquistador (= Afonso Henriques) [2]
6 Dec 1185 - 26 Mar 1211 Sancho I O Povoador
26 Mar 1211 - 25 Mar 1223 Afonso II O Gordo
25 Mar 1223 - 4 Jan 1248 Sancho II O Capelo [3]
4 Jan 1248 - ? ? 1267 Afonso III O Restaurador
Rex Portugaliae et Algarbii = Rei de Portugal e Algarves [4]
? ? 1267 - 16 Feb 1279 Afonso III O Restaurador 
16 Feb 1279 - 7 Jan 1325 Dinis I O Lavrador
7 Jan 1325 - 28 May 1357 Afonso IV O Bravo
28 May 1357 - 18 Jan 1367 Pedro I O Cruel [5]
18 Jan 1367 - 22 Oct 1383 Fernando I O Formoso
Rainha de Portugal e Algarves [3]
22 Oct 1383 - after 14 Aug 1385 Beatriz [6][7]
Dei gratia, Regens et Defensor Regnorum Portugaliae et Algarbii = Por Graça de Deus, Regedor e Defensor dos Reinos de Portugal e do Algarve
before 7 Jan 1384 - 6 Apr 1385 João, mestre de Avis
Rex Portugaliae et Algarbii = Rei de Portugal e Algarves [4]
6 Apr 1385 - 14 Aug 1433 João I (= João, mestre de Avis) O de Boa Memória 
14 Aug 1433 - 9 Sep 1438 Duarte I O Eloqüente
9 Sep 1438 - 28 Aug 1481 Afonso V O Africano [8]
28 Aug 1481 - 25 Oct 1495 João II O Príncipe Perfeito
25 Oct 1495 - 13 Dec 1521 Manuel I O Venturoso
13 Dec 1521 - 11 Jun 1557 João III O Piedoso
11 Jun 1557 - 4 Aug 1578 Sebastião I O Desejado
Governadores do Reino
4 Aug 1578 - 24 Aug 1578 Jorge de Almeida, arcebispo de Lisboa
4 Aug 1578 - 24 Aug 1578 Pedro de Alcáçova Carneiro
4 Aug 1578 - 24 Aug 1578 Francisco de Sá e Meneses, senhor de Sever e de Matosinhos
4 Aug 1578 - 24 Aug 1578 João de Mascarenhas
Curador, Governador e Sucessor do Reino
24 Aug 1578 - 28 Aug 1578 cardeal Henrique de Portugal
Rex Portugaliae et Algarbii = Rei de Portugal e Algarves [4]
28 Aug 1578 - 31 Jan 1580 Henrique I (= cardeal Henrique de Portugal) 
Gubernatores et Defensores Regni Portugaliae = Governadores e Defensores do Reino de Portugal
31 Jan 1580 - 17 Jul 1580 Jorge de Almeida, arcebispo de Lisboa 
31 Jan 1580 - 17 Jul 1580 João de Mascarenhas 
31 Jan 1580 - 17 Jul 1580 Francisco de Sá e Meneses, senhor de Sever e de Matosinhos  [9]
31 Jan 1580 - 17 Jul 1580 João Telo de Meneses
31 Jan 1580 - 17 Jul 1580 Diogo Lopes de Sousa, senhor de Oliveira do Bairro

[1] Also in official use (Latin): Portugaliae Rex; ocasionally the style is preceded by the phrase Dei gratia (Por Graça de Deus).
[2] Accoring to historical tradition dating back to the 14th century, Afonso was proclaimed king after the battle of Ourique fought between July 1139 and February or May 1140. Contemporary sources do not mention this event.
[3] Sancho II is declared deposed by the Pope 24 Jul 1246 and Afonso (later Afonso III) is styled Visitador, Curador e Defensor do Reino until the death of Sancho II.
[4] Also in official use: ... et Algarbiorum and/or et Algarbiae; ocasionally the style is preceded by the phrase Dei gratia (Por Graça de Deus).
[5] Pedro I is proclaimed 8 May 1357.
[6] Beatriz was almost permanently absent from national territory and was represented only in the areas occupied by the forces supporting her claim until their ultimate defeat on 14 Aug 1385.
[7] Por graça de Deus, Rainha, Governador e Regedor dos Reinos de Portugal e Algarve (regent)
  22 Oct 1383 - ? ? 1384 Leonor (Leonor Teles de Meneses)
[8] Afonso V abdicates on 10 Nov 1477, but resumes throne (informally?) on 14 Nov 1477. João assumes throne only on 28 Aug 1481.
[9] Also held the title of conde de Matosinhos e de São João da Foz, perhaps conferred only ? Dec 1580.