After the abdication of Emperor Agustín on 31 Mar 1823, the Congress appointed the Supremo Poder Ejecutivo (Supreme Executive Power), commonly referred as Triumvirate, with three members: Nicolás Bravo, Pedro Celestino Negrete and Guadalupe Victoria. As Bravo and Victoria were not in Mexico City at the time of their appointment, Negrete took oath of office on behalf of all members of the Executive Power on the same day. Foreseeing the long absence of Bravo and Victoria, the Congress appointed (1 Apr 1823) José Mariano de Michelena and Miguel Domínguez as alternate members (miembro suplente), who were sworn in on the same day; Guerrero was appointed an alternate member on 2 Jul 1823. Victoria actually joined the Executive Power and was sworn in on 16 Jun 1824. The presidency of the Supreme Executive Power was in monthly rotation.