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Japan: Emperors: 984-1392

Each ruler is recorded under the personal name and the dates of the reign; the other entries follow the definitions in the Notes.
Tennō
24 Sep 984 - 1 Aug 986 Morosada (Buddhist name in retirement: Nyūkaku)
posthumous name: Kazan-tennō
era name: 19 May 985 - 5 May 987 Kanna (alternative reading: Kanwa)
1 Aug 986 - 16 Jul 1011 Yasuhito (alternative reading: Kanehito)
posthumous name: Ichijō-tennō
era name: 5 May 987 - 10 Sep 989 Eien
era name: 10 Sep 989 - 26 Nov 990 Eiso
era name: 26 Nov 990 - 25 Mar 995 Shōryaku
era name: 25 Mar 995 - 1 Feb 999 Chōtoku
era name: 1 Feb 999 - 8 Aug 1004 Chōhō
era name: 8 Aug 1004 - 8 Feb 1013 Kankō
16 Jul 1011 - 10 Mar 1016 Okisada (alternative reading: Suesada)
posthumous name: Sanjō-tennō
era name: 8 Feb 1013 - 21 May 1017 Chōwa
10 Mar 1016 - 15 May 1036 Atsuhira (alternative reading: Atsunari)
posthumous name: Go-Ichijō-tennō
era name: 21 May 1017 - 17 Mar 1021 Kannin
era name: 17 Mar 1021 - 19 Aug 1024 Jian (alternative reading: Chian)
era name: 19 Aug 1024 - 18 Aug 1028 Manju
era name:18 Aug 1028 - 9 May 1037 Chōgen
15 May 1036 - 5 Feb 1045 Atsunaga (alternative reading: Atsuyoshi)
posthumous name: Go-Suzaku-tennō
era name: 9 May 1037 - 16 Dec 1040 Chōryaku
era name: 16 Dec 1040 - 16 Dec 1044 Chōkyū
era name: 16 Dec 1044 - 22 May 1046 Kantoku
5 Feb 1045 - 22 May 1068 Chikahito
posthumous name: Go-Reizei-tennō
era name: 22 May 1046 - 2 Feb 1053 Eishō (alternative reading: Eijō)
era name: 2 Feb 1053 - 19 Sep 1058 Tenki (alternative reading: Tengi)
era name: 19 Sep 1058 - 4 Sep 1065 Kōhei
era name: 4 Sep 1065 - 6 May 1069 Jiryaku (alternative reading: Chiryaku)
22 May 1068 - 18 Jan 1073 Takahito
posthumous name: Go-Sanjō-tennō
era name: 6 May 1069 - 16 Sep 1074 Enkyū
18 Jan 1073 - 3 Jan 1087 Sadahito (Buddhist name in retirement: Yūkaku)
posthumous name: Shirakawa tennō, posthumous by-name: Rokujō-tei
era name: 16 Sep 1074 - 5 Dec 1077 Jōhō (alternative readings: Jōho, Shōho)
era name: 5 Dec 1077 - 22 Mar 1081 Jōryaku (alternative reading: Jōreki)
era name: 22 Mar 1081 - 15 Mar 1084 Eihō (alternative reading: Eiho)
era name: 15 Mar 1084 - 11 May 1087 Ōtoku
3 Jan 1087 - 9 Aug 1107 Taruhito (Alternative reading: Yoshihito)
posthumous name: Horikawa-tennō
era name: 11 May 1087 - 23 Jan 1095 Kanji
era name: 23 Jan 1095 - 3 Jan 1097 Kahō
era name: 3 Jan 1097 - 27 Dec 1097 Eichō (alternative reading: Yōchō)
era name: 27 Dec 1097 - 15 Sep 1099 Jōtoku (alternative reading: Shōtoku)
era name: 15 Sep 1099 - 8 Mar 1104 Kōwa
era name: 8 Mar 1104 - 13 May 1106 Chōji
era name: 13 May 1106 - 9 Sep 1108 Kashō
9 Aug 1107 - 25 Feb 1123 Munehito (Buddhist name in retirement: Kūkaku)
posthumous name: Toba-tennō
era name: 9 Sep 1108 - 31 Jul 1110 Tennin
era name: 31 Jul 1110 - 25 Aug 1113 Ten'ei (alternative reading: Tennei)
era name: 25 Aug 1113 - 25 Apr 1118 Eikyū
era name: 25 Apr 1118 - 9 May 1120 Gen'ei
era name: 9 May 1120 - 18 May 1124 Hōan
25 Feb 1123 - 5 Jan 1142 Akihito
posthumous name: Sutoku-tennō, posthumous by-name: Sanuki-in
era name: 18 May 1124 - 15 Feb 1126 Tenji (alternative reading: Tenchi)
era name: 15 Feb 1126 - 28 Feb 1131 Daiji (alternative reading: Taiji)
era name: 28 Feb 1131 - 21 Sep 1132 Tenshō (alternative reading: Tenjō)
era name: 21 Sep 1132 - 10 Jun 1135 Chōshō (alternative reading: Chōjō)
era name: 10 Jun 1135 - 13 Aug 1141 Hōen
era name: 13 Aug 1141 - 25 May 1142 Eiji
5 Jan 1142 - 22 Aug 1155 Narihito [1]
posthumous name: Konoe-tennō
era name: 25 May 1142 - 28 Mar 1144 Kōji
era name: 28 Mat 1144 - 12 Aug 1145 Ten'yō (alternative reading: Tennyō)
era name: 12 Aug 1145 - 14 Feb 1151 Kyūan
era name: 14 Feb 1151 - 4 Dec 1154 Ninpei (alternative reading: Ninpyō)
era name: 4 Dec 1154 - 18 May 1156 Kyūju
23 Aug 1155 - 5 Sep 1158 Masahito
posthumous name: Go-Shirakawa-tennō
era name: 18 May 1156 - 9 May 1159 Hōgen
5 Sep 1158 - 3 Aug 1165 Morihito
posthumous name: Nijō-tennō
era name: 9 May 1159 - 18 Feb 1160 Heiji (alternative reading: Heichi)
era name: 18 Feb 1160 -24 Sep 1161 Eiryaku
era name: 24 Sep 1161 - 4 May 1163 Ōhō
era name: 4 May 1163 - 14 Jul 1165 Chōkan
era name: 14 Jul 1165 - 23 Sep 1166 Eiman
3 Aug 1165 - 30 Mar 1168 Nobuhito (alterantive reading: Toshihito)
posthumous name: Rokujō-tennō
era name: 23 Sep 1166- 6 May 1169 Nin'an (alternative reading: Ninnan)
30 Mar 1168 - 18 Mar 1180 Norihito
posthumous name: Takakura-tennō
era name: 6 May 1169 - 27 May 1171 Kaō (alternative reading: Kao)
era name: 27 May 1171 - 16 Aug 1175 Shōan (alterantive reading: Jōan)
era name: 16 Aug 1175 - 29 Aug 1177 Angen (alternative reading: Anken)
era name: 29 Aug 1177 - 25 Aug 1181 Jishō
18 Mar 1180 - 25 Apr 1185 Tokihito (alternative reading: Kotohito) [2]
posthumous name: Antoku-tennō
era name: 25 Aug 1181 - 29 Jul 1182 Yōwa
era name: 29 Jul 1182 - 25 Apr 1185 Juei
8 Sep 1183 - 18 Feb 1198 Takahira (alternative readings: Takanari, Takahito)
posthumous name: Go-Toba-tennō, posthumous by-names: Oki-in, Kentoku-in
era name: 27 May 1184 - 9 Sep 1185 Genryaku (alternative reading: Kenryaku)
era name: 9 Sep 1185 - 16 May 1190 Bunji (alternative reading: Monchi)
era name: 16 May 1190 - 23 May 1199 Kenkyū
18 Feb 1198 - 12 Dec 1210 Tamehito
posthumous name: Tsuchimikado-tennō, posthumous by-name: Tosa-in
era name: 23 May 1199 - 19 Mar 1201 Shōji
era name: 19 Mar 1201 - 23 Mar 1204 Kennin
era name: 23 Mar 1204 - 5 Jun 1206 Genkyū
era name: 5 Jun 1206 - 16 Nov 1207 Ken'ei
era name: 16 Nov 1207 - 23 Apr 1211 Jōgen
12 Dec 1210 - 13 May 1221 Morinari
posthumous name: Juntoku-tennō, posthumous by-name: Sado-in
era name: 23 Apr 1211 - 18 Jan 1214 Kenryaku
era name: 18 Jan 1214 - 27 May 1219 Kenpō
era name: 27 May 1219 - 25 May 1222 Jōkyū (alterantive reading: Shōkyū)
13 May 1221 - 29 Jul 1221 Kanenari
posthumous name: Chūkyō-tennō, posthumous by-name: Kujō-haitei
29 Jul 1221 - 17 Nov 1232 Yutahito (alternative readings: Toyohito, Shigehito)
posthumous name: Go-Horikawa-tennō
era name: 25 May 1222 - 31 Dec 1224 Jōō (alternative reading: Teiō)
era name: 31 Dec 1224 - 28 May 1225 Gennin (alternative reading: Kennin)
era name: 28 May 1225 - 18 Jan 1228 Karoku
era name: 18 Jan 1228 - 31 Mar 1229 Antei
era name: 31 Mar 1229 - 23 Apr 1232 Kanki (alternative reading: Kangi)
era name: 23 Apr 1232 - 25 May 1233 Jōei (alternative reading: Teiei)
17 Nov 1232 - 10 Feb 1242 Mitsuhito (alternative reading: Hidehito)
posthumous name: Shijō-tennō
era name: 25 May 1233 - 27 Nov 1234 Tenpuku
era name: 27 Nov 1234 - 1 Nov 1235 Bunryaku (alternative reading: Monreki)
era name: 1 Nov 1235 - 30 Dec 1238 Kate
era name: 30 Dec 1238 - 13 Mar 1239 Ryakunin (alternative reading: Rekinin)
era name: 13 Mar 1239 - 5 Aug 1240 En'ō (alternative reading: Ennō)
era name: 5 Aug 1240 - 18 Mar 1243 Ninji
21 Feb 1242 - 16 Feb 1246 Kunihito
posthumous name: Go-Saga-tennō
era name: 18 Mar 1243 - 5 Apr 1247 Kangen
16 Feb 1246 - 9 (or 10) Jan 1260 Hisahito
posthumous name: Go-Fukakusa-tennō, posthumous by-names: Tokiwai-dono, Tominokōji-in
era name: 5 Apr 1247 - 2 May 1249 Hōji
era name: 2 May 1249 - 24 Oct 1256 Kenchō
era name: 24 Oct 1256 - 31 Mar 1257 Kōgen (alternative reading: Kōken)
era name: 31 Mar 1257 - 20 Apr 1259 Shōka (alternative reading: Shōga)
era name: 20 Apr 1259 - 24 May 1260 Shōgen (alternative reading: Shōken)
9 (or 10) Jan 1260 - 6 Mar 1274 Tsunehito (Buddhist name in retirement: Kongōgen)
posthumous name: Kameyama-tennō, posthumous by-name: Zenrinji-dono)
era name: 24 May 1260 - 22 Mar 1261 Bun'ō (alternative reading: Bunnō)
era name: 22 Mar 1261 - 27 Mar 1264 Kōchō
era name: 27 Mar 1264 - 22 May 1275 Bun'ei
6 Mar 1274 - 27 Nov 1287 Yohito (alternative reading: Tokihito)
posthumous name: Go-Uda-tennō, posthumous by-name: Daikakuji-dono
era name: 22 May 1275 - 23 Mar 1278 Kenji
era name: 23 Mar 1278 - 29 May 1288 Kōan
27 Nov 1287 - 30 Aug 1298 Hirohito
posthumous name: Fushimi-tennō, posthumous by-name: Jimyō-in-dono
era name: 29 May 1288 - 6 Sep 1293 Shōō
era name: 6 Sep 1293 - 25 May 1299 Einin
30 Aug 1298 - 2 Mar 1301 Tanehito
posthumous name: Go-Fushimi-tennō
era name: 25 May 1299 - 10 Dec 1302 Shōan
2 Mar 1301 - 10 Sep 1308 Kuniharu
posthumous name: Go-Nijō-tennō
era name: 10 Dec 1302 - 16 Sep 1303 Kengen
era name: 16 Sep 1303 - 18 Jan 1307 Kagen
era name: 18 Jan 1307 - 22 Nov 1308 Tokuji
11 Sep 1308 - 29 Mar 1318 Tomihito (alternative reading: Yutahito) [3]
posthumous name: Hanazono-tennō, posthumous by-name: Hagiwara-in-dono
era name: 22 Nov 1308 - 17 May 1311 Enkei (alternative readings: Enkyō, Engyō)
era name: 17 May 1311 - 27 Apr 1312 Ōchō
era name: 27 Apr 1312 - 16 Mar 1317 Shōwa
era name: 16 Mar 1317 - 18 May 1319 Bunpō (alternative reading: Bunpo)
29 Mar 1318 - 18 Sep 1339 Takaharu
posthumous name: Go-Daigo-tennō, posthumous by-name: Yoshino-in-dono
era name: 18 May 1319 - 22 Mar 1321 Gen'ō (alternative reading: Gennō)
era name: 22 Mar 1321 - 25 Dec 1324 Genkō
era name: 25 Dec 1324 - 28 May 1326 Shōchū
era name: 28 May 1326 - 22 Sep 1329 Karyaku (alternative reading: Kareki)
era name: 22 Sep 1329 - 12 Sep 1331 Gentoku
era name: 12 Sep 1331 - 5 Mar 1334 Genkō
era name: 5 Mar 1334 - 11 Apr 1336 Kenmu
era name: 11 Apr 1336 - 25 May 1340 Engen
18 Sep 1339 - 29 Mar 1368 Norinaga [4]
posthumous name: Go-Murakami-tennō, posthumous by-names: Sumiyoshi-dono, Ano-o-dono
era name: 25 May 1340 - 22 Jul 1346 Kōkoku
era name: 22 Jul 1346 - 16 Aug 1370 Shōhei
29 Mar 1368 - 21 Dec 1383? Yutanari (alternative reading: Hironari; Buddhist name in retirement: Kakuri) [5]
posthumous name: Chōkei-tennō
era name: 16 Aug 1370 - 30 Oct 1372 Kentoku
era name: 30 Oct 1372 - 26 Jun 1375 Bunchū
era name: 26 Jun 1375 - 6 Mar 1381 Tenjū (alternative reading: Tenju)
era name: 6 Mar 1381 - 18 May 1384 Kōwa
21 Dec 1383 - 19 Nov 1392 Hironari (alternative readings: Yoshinari, Norinari)
posthumous name: Go-Kameyama-tennō, posthumous by-name: Daikakuji-dono
era name: 18 May 1384 - 19 Nov 1392 Genchū

[1] Also: Toshihito
[2] In the course of the civil war, this ruler is recognized as tennō and continues, under the control of the Taira (Hei) clan, while a fugitive, but in possession of the Three Sacred Treasures, until his death. Meantime, under the control of the Minamoto (Gen) clan, the retired tennō installs Prince Takahira as tennō without the traditional access to the Three Sacred Treasures.
[3] Also: Tomohito
[4] "Norinaga" is the same reading for two personal names that differ in writing; one of them has alternative reading: Yoshinaga.
[5] Also: Sanenari

This page was last updated on: 07 Oct 2011 11:00:59

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