Marie-François-Sadi Carnot

Grandson of Lazare-Nicolas-Marguerite Carnot and son of Lazare-Hippolyte Carnot, member of legislatures from 1839 to 1888, minister of public instruction (24 Feb 1848 - 5 Jul 1848); educated at the Ecole polytechnique (1857-1860) and Ecole des ponts et chaussées (1860-1863); worked as a chief engineer in Haute-Savoie; appointed prefect of the Seine-Inférieure département and extraordinary commissar for Seine-Inférieure, Eure and Calvados (13 Jan 1871 - 7 Feb 1871); elected to the Assemblée nationale (National Assembly) (1871-1876) and to the Chamber of Deputies (1876-1888); served as under-secretary for public works (5 Feb 1879 - 23 Sep 1880), minister of public works (23 Sep 1880 - 14 Nov 1881, 6 Apr 1885 - 16 Apr 1885); elected vice president of the Chamber of Deputies (1883-1885); minister of finance (16 Apr 1885 - 11 Dec 1886); following the resignation of Jules Grévy, elected President of the Republic (3 Dec 1887); faced the movement led by General Boulanger, which threatened to topple the Third Republic by conspiring with monarchists and attempts to replace the constitution with more authoritarian law; government of Pierre Tirard succeeded (1889) in preventive measures and decided to prosecute Boulanger, who fled to Belgium; in May 1891 the workers' demonstration with demands of 8-hour working day resulted in casualties; the Panama scandal (1892) occurred when the press discovered that the Panama Canal Company bribed the French politicians in effort to save the collapsing project; after delivering a speech at a Lyon exposition, at about 21:10 24 Jun 1894, was stabbed by the Italian anarchist, Sante Caserio, who approached the presidential cortege; died after three hours of agony approximately at 00:35 25 Jun 1894. Biography source: [3; 4]