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Jacques-Louis Davidb. 30 Aug 1748, Paris, France |
| Title: | Président de la Convention nationale (President of the National Convention) |
| Term: | 5 Jan 1794 - 20 Jan 1794 |
| Chronology: | 5 Jan 1794, election as president proclaimed by the National Convention, session of the Convention, salle des Machines, Palais des Tuileries, Paris [1, vol. LXXXIII, p. 34] [2, vol. XXVIII, p. 339] [3] |
| 6 Jan 1794, assumed the chair as President of the National Convention for the first time after the proclamation of election, session of the Convention, salle des Machines, Palais des Tuileries, Paris [1, vol. LXXXIII, p. 37] | |
| 20 Jan 1794, expiration of term; successor elected and proclaimed [1, vol. LXXXIII, p. 511] | |
| Names/titles: | Chevalier David, chevalier de l'Empire [from 10 Sep 1808] |
| Biography: | |||||||
Born into the family of a prosperous Parisian dealer in iron; was raised by two uncles, who took care of him after the death of father (1757); educated at a boarding school and the Collège des Quatre Nations in Paris; chose to become an artist and studied under Joseph-Marie Vien; entered the Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture (1766-1774); lived in Italy (1775-1780), where drew from antique models; was made an associate member of the Académie Royale (1781) for his work "Belisarius Asking Alms", and full member (1783) for "Andromache Mourning Hector"; fulfilled the governmental commission "Oath of the Horatii" (1784), a masterpiece of Neoclassicism; painted "The Lictors Bringing to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons" (1789) for King Louis XVI; enthusiastically greeted the Revolution; member of the Jacobin Club; elected (17 Sep 1792) to the Convention nationale (National Convention) (1792-1795) as a deputy for the département of Paris; took seat with the Montagnards; voted for the death sentence in the trial of Louis XVI; president of the Jacobin Club (16 Jun 1793 - 12 Jul 1793); served as a member of the Comité de sûreté générale (Committee of General Security) (14 Sep 1793 - 31 Jul 1794), President of the National Convention (5 Jan 1794 - 20 Jan 1794); accomplished a series of paintings reflecting the history of the Revolution ("Oath of the Tennis Court", "Death of Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau", "The Dead Marat"); greatly influenced the development of art in revolutionary France; emphatically supported Maximilien Robespierre during the coup of 9 Thermidor, Year II (27 Jul 1794); was denounced and imprisoned; released (27 Dec 1794) and re-admitted to the National Convention (28 Dec 1794); as ardent adherent of the Montagnards, was arrested after the insurrection of 1 Prairial, Year III (20 May 1795); amnestied (26 Oct 1795); abandoned politics and flourished as artist during the Consulate and First Empire; created many paintings of Napoléon I ("Coronation", "Napoleon Distributing the Eagles", "Napoleon in His Study"); was created member (18 Dec 1803) and officer (22 Oct 1808) of the Légion d'honneur, chevalier de l'Empire (10 Sep 1808); proscribed as regicide (1816) and fled to Brussels. Biography source:[4][5][6][7][8] |
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| Elections: | |||||||
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| Election source: [1, vol. LXXXIII, p. 34] | |||||||
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| [1] | Archives parlementaires. Série 1, | ||||||
| [2] | Procès-verbal de la Convention nationale, imprimé par son ordre; (Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1792-an IV) | ||||||
| [3] | Gazette nationale ou Le Moniteur universel, n° 108, 18 nivôse an II. | ||||||
| [4] | Dictionnaire de biographie française (Paris: Letouzey et Ané, 1933-). | ||||||
| [5] | "Jacques-Louis David, Revolutionary Artist: Art, Politics, and the French Revolution", by Warren Roberts (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989). | ||||||
| [6] | "David", by Simon Lee (London: Phaidon, 1999). | ||||||
| [7] | "Jacques-Louis David", by Anita Brookner (New York: Harper & Row, 1980). | ||||||
| [8] | Dictionnaire des Conventionnels, | ||||||
| Image: self-portrait, 1794. | |||||||
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