England: Heads of State: 1649-1660 |
|
| Parliament: Speaker [1] | |
| 4/14 Jan 1649 - 20/30 Apr 1653 | William Lenthall [2] |
| Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Forces raised, and to be raised, within the Commonwealth of England | |
| 20/30 Apr 1653 - 4/14 Jul 1653 | Oliver Cromwell |
| Supreme Authority | |
| 5/15 Jul 1653 - 6/16 Jul 1653 | chronology and presidency |
| Parliament (from 7/17 Jul 1653 Parliament of the Commonwealth of England) | |
| 6/16 Jul 1653 - 12/22 Dec 1653 | chronology and presidency |
| Captain-General and Commander-in-Chief of the Forces raised, and to be raised, within the Commonwealth of England | |
| 12/22 Dec 1653 - 16/26 Dec 1653 | Oliver Cromwell (x) |
| Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland | |
| 16/26 Dec 1653 - 3/13 Sep 1658 | Oliver (= Oliver Cromwell) (x) |
| 3/13 Sep 1658 - 7/17 May 1659 | Richard (= Richard Cromwell) |
| Parliament of the Commonwealth of England [3] | |
| 7/17 May 1659 - 13/23 Oct 1659 | chronology and presidency |
| Council of State | |
| 13/23 Oct 1659 - 25 Oct/4 Nov 1659 | chronology and presidency |
| Committee of Safety | |
| 25 Oct/4 Nov 1659 - 23 Dec 1659/2 Jan 1660 | chronology and membership |
| Parliament of the Commonwealth of England | |
| 24 Dec 1659/3 Jan 1660 - 16/26 Mar 1660 | chronology and presidency |
| Council of State | |
| 16/26 Mar 1660 - 25 Apr/5 May 1660 | chronology and presidency |
| | |
| [1] | Also in official use: Commons, in Parliament assembled and Commons of England in Parliament assembled, in writs and all judicial proceedings from 29 Jan/8 Feb 1649 Custodes libertatis Angliæ authoritate Parliamenti = Keepers of the Liberty (Liberties) of England by authority of Parliament (revoked 16/26 Dec 1653, parliamentary confirmation 6/16 Dec 1654; restored 11/21 May 1659); Speaker is authorised (25 May/4 Jun 1649) to use the style Speaker of the Parliament of England in foreign relations; style and title of the Parliament for addresses "from Foreign Princes and States" is approved as Parliament of the Commonwealth of England (30 Jan/9 Feb 1650) |
| [2] | Dei gratia Anglie Scotie Francie et Hibernie Rex, Fidei Defensor, etc. = By the grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc. (in dissidence) |
| 6/16 Aug 1651 - 15/25 Oct 1651 Charles II | |
This page was last updated on: 26 Jun 2009 03:17:31
RSS feed 