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Maria Ib. 17 Dec 1734, Lisbon, Portugal |
| Title: | Por graça de Deus, Rainha do Reino Unido de Portugal, e do Brasil, e Algarves de aquém e de além-mar em África, Senhora de Guiné e da Conquista, Navegação e Comércio da Etiópia, Arábia, Pérsia, e da Índia (By the Grace of God, Queen of the United Kingdom of Portugal and Brazil and Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lady of Guinea and of the Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia and India) |
| Term: | 16 Dec 1815 - 20 Mar 1816 |
| Chronology: | 16 Dec 1815, Brazil is raised to the status of a kingdom (Reino do Brasil) as part of a newly named United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and Algarves by decree of the Prince Regent |
| 20 Mar 1816, died | |
| Names/titles: | Original name: Maria Francisca Isabel Josefa Antonia Gertrudes Rita Joana; Rainha de Portugal e dos Algarves de aquém e de além-mar em África, Senhora de Guiné e da Conquista, Navegação e Comércio da Etiópia, Arábia, Pérsia, e da Índia (Queen of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lady of Guinea and of the Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, Arabia, Persia and India) [24 Feb 1777 - 16 Dec 1815] |
| Biography: | |
The eldest daughter of King José I of Portugal and Mariana Vitória, Maria was married to her uncle, Dom Pedro (6 Jun 1760), son of King João V (reigned 1706-1750). In 1777 she succeeded to the throne of Portugal along with her husband, who became king consort under the name of Pedro III. Following the death of Pedro III (25 May 1786) and of her eldest son, Dom José Francisco Xavier de Paula (11 Sep 1788), Maria suffered a mental collapse (1 Feb 1792). Pressed by the ministers regarding the severe mental illness of his mother, Maria's third son, Dom João Maria José Francisco Xavier de Paula (later King João VI), consented to perform the royal functions on behalf of and in the name of the queen (10 Feb 1792). After fruitless attempts to cure her progressing illness, Dom João formally assumed the style and office of regent (15 Jul 1799). In November 1807 the armies of Napoléon I armies invaded Portugal and Maria was taken on a board of a ship departing for Brazil (27 Nov 1807). The queen and royal court arrived at Rio de Janeiro on 7 Mar 1808. Totally incapacitated by her illness, Maria lived in obscurity and died in 1816. [1, pp. 817-819] |
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| [1] | "Portugal: Dicionário Histórico, Corográfico, Heráldico, Biográfico, Bibliográfico, Numismático e Artístico", vol. IV, ed. by João Romano Torres. |
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